"Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim al-Maghili (en \u00E1rabe:\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u062E \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064A ), com\u00FAnmente conocido como Muhammad al-Maghili (c 1440 - c 1505) fue un ulema bereber de Tlemcen, la capital del Reino de Tlemcen, en la actual Argelia. Al-Maghili fue responsable de convertir al islam a las clases dominantes entre los pueblos hausa, fulani y tuareg en \u00C1frica occidental.\u200B Los manuscritos originales de sus obras, se encuentran a disposici\u00F3n de las Naciones Unidas en la Biblioteca Digital Mundial.\u200B"@es . . . . . . . . . . . "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim al-Maghili (Arabic: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A), commonly known as Muhammad al-Maghili (c.1440 \u2013 c.1505) was a Berber 'alim from Tlemcen, the capital of the Kingdom of Tlemcen, now in modern-day Algeria. Al-Maghili was responsible for converting to Islam the ruling classes among Hausa, Fulani, and Tuareg peoples in West Africa. Al-Maghili toured North and West Africa, observing the state of sharia and challenging the status of dhimmis within the region. His radical views on such subjects would set him against many notable Maghrebian scholars and authorities of the time. In the confines of his theological views, Maghili advanced his political thought in the form of legal advice at the courts of West African rulers and still practiced his crafts in the art of Islamic sciences. Though not ushering in drastic change, Maghili played a great role in the Islamization of West Africa, his writing has been copied, studied, and implemented in West Africa ever since its conception, making him one of the most influential figures in the development of Islam in the region. Maghili's views would result in the persecution of the Jewish community in Tuat and the destruction of the main synagogue at Tamentit. This would occur at the backdrop of anti-dhimmi rhetoric by Maghili and the volatile position of dhimmis within the region. Most information on Al-Maghili's life can be collected from two sources, Ibn Askar's, Dawhat al-Nashir li-Mahasin man kana min al-Maghrib min Ahl al-Karn al-ashir, and Ahmad Baba al-Tinbukti's, Nayl al-Ibtihaj bi-tatriz al-Dibaz. Original manuscripts of his work are available from the United Nations World Digital Library."@en . "Cheikh Abdelkrim El Magh\u00EEl\u00EE ou aussi Cheikh Abdelkrim El Mer'ili (en arabe: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u062E \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A) est un \u00E9rudit musulman alg\u00E9rien, n\u00E9 \u00E0 Tlemcen en 1425 et mort \u00E0 Zaouiet Kounta en 1505. Il a poursuivi ses \u00E9tudes \u00E0 Alger et \u00E0 B\u00E9ja\u00EFa o\u00F9 il a \u00E9t\u00E9 successivement l'\u00E9l\u00E8ve de Abderrahmane at-Taalibi et ."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi, Yahya ibn Yadir al-Tadalsi"@en . . . . . . "1440"^^ . "\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u062E \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064A (790\u0647\u0640|1425\u0645 \u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646 - 909\u0647\u0640|1504\u0645 \u0623\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0631) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062F\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064A\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062F\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062E\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062F \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064A \u0632\u064A\u0627\u0646 \u060C \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062F\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u062F\u063A\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062F\u0627\u0621\u060C \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062A\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u064A\u0627\u062F\u062A\u0647 \u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0636\u062F \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062A\u0648\u0627\u062A \u0628\u0635\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062D\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062D\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062A\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0646 ."@ar . . . "Al-Magh\u012Bl\u012B"@de . . . . . . "\uBB34\uD568\uB9C8\uB4DC \uC54C\uB9C8\uAE38(Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim al-Maghili, ? ~ 1505\uB144, Muhammad al-Maghili)\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uCD9C\uC2E0\uC758 \uD559\uC790\uC600\uB2E4. \uB3C4\uC2DC\uC5D0\uC11C \uC720\uB300\uC778\uC744 \uCAD3\uC544\uB0B4\uB294 \uB370 \uC55E\uC7A5\uC130\uC73C\uBA70 \uB2F9\uC2DC \uC2E4\uC81C\uB85C \uB9CE\uC740 \uC720\uB300\uC778 \uBC95\uB2F9\uC774 \uD30C\uAD34\uB418\uACE0 \uCD94\uBC29\uB2F9\uD588\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 \uCE74\uB178\uC758 \uC218\uC7A5\uC774\uB358 \uBB34\uD568\uB9C8\uB4DC \uB8F8\uD30C\uC758 \uACE0\uBB38\uC774\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70 \uC815\uBD80 \uACE0\uBB38\uC5ED\uC744 \uB2F4\uB2F9\uD588\uB2E4. \uB300\uD45C \uC800\uC791\uC778 On The Obligations of Princes\uC744 \uC37C\uB2E4."@ko . "Muhammad al-Maghili"@es . . "Mu\u1E25ammad ibn \u02BFAbd al-Kar\u012Bm ibn Mu\u1E25ammad al-Magh\u012Bli al-Tilims\u0101n\u012B (in arabo: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u062E \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064A\u200E; Tlemcen, ... \u2013 1505) \u00E8 stato un teologo magrebino, nato nel Regno di Tlemcen all'epoca della dinastia zayyanide. Di idee antisemite, le sue predicazioni provocarono molti problemi ad alcune comunit\u00E0 e dell'Africa subsahariana."@it . . . . "Muhammad al-Maghili"@it . . "Mu\u1E25ammad ibn \u02BFAbd al-Kar\u012Bm ibn Mu\u1E25ammad al-Magh\u012Bli al-Tilims\u0101n\u012B (in arabo: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u062E \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064A\u200E; Tlemcen, ... \u2013 1505) \u00E8 stato un teologo magrebino, nato nel Regno di Tlemcen all'epoca della dinastia zayyanide. Di idee antisemite, le sue predicazioni provocarono molti problemi ad alcune comunit\u00E0 e dell'Africa subsahariana."@it . . . . . . . . . . "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim al-Maghili (en \u00E1rabe:\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u062E \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064A ), com\u00FAnmente conocido como Muhammad al-Maghili (c 1440 - c 1505) fue un ulema bereber de Tlemcen, la capital del Reino de Tlemcen, en la actual Argelia. Al-Maghili fue responsable de convertir al islam a las clases dominantes entre los pueblos hausa, fulani y tuareg en \u00C1frica occidental.\u200B Maghili dirigi\u00F3 una campa\u00F1a para expulsar a la comunidad jud\u00EDa de la ciudad y tuvo \u00E9xito. Muchos de los jud\u00EDos fueron expulsados de Tlemcen y su sinagoga fue destruida. \u200B Tambi\u00E9n se desempe\u00F1\u00F3 como asesor de Muhammad Rumfa, Emir de la ciudad-estado de Hausa, Kano, y escribi\u00F3 un tratado sobre el gobierno, Sobre las obligaciones de los pr\u00EDncipes . \u200B Los manuscritos originales de sus obras, se encuentran a disposici\u00F3n de las Naciones Unidas en la Biblioteca Digital Mundial.\u200B"@es . . . . . "\uBB34\uD568\uB9C8\uB4DC \uC54C\uB9C8\uAE38"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Muhammad ibn \u02BFAbd al-Kar\u012Bm al-Magh\u012Bl\u012B (arabisch \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064E\u063A\u0650\u064A\u0644\u0650\u064A, DMG Mu\u1E25ammad ibn \u02BFAbd al-Kar\u012Bmal-Ma\u0121\u012Bl\u012B * ca. 1440; \u2020 ca. 1504) war ein nordafrikanischer muslimischer Gelehrter. Er stammte aus Tlemcen und zeichnete sich nach seiner klassischen Gelehrtenausbildung schnell durch seine radikalen Positionen aus, was vermutlich auch der Grund war, weshalb er vor dem marokkanischen Wa\u1E6D\u1E6Dasiden-Sultan in die entlegene Oase Touat floh. Hier fiel er vor allem durch seine Agitation gegen die lokale j\u00FCdische Bev\u00F6lkerung auf, der er vorwarf, gegen die Bestimmungen ihres \u1E0Eimma-Vertrages zu versto\u00DFen und zudem widerrechtlich eine Synagoge errichtet zu haben. Mit diesen Aussagen traf er allerdings bei zahlreichen Gelehrten auf Widerspruch und nachdem bei Ausschreitungen in Tuw\u0101t, die von ih"@de . "Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim al-Maghili (Arabic: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A), commonly known as Muhammad al-Maghili (c.1440 \u2013 c.1505) was a Berber 'alim from Tlemcen, the capital of the Kingdom of Tlemcen, now in modern-day Algeria. Al-Maghili was responsible for converting to Islam the ruling classes among Hausa, Fulani, and Tuareg peoples in West Africa. Maghili's views would result in the persecution of the Jewish community in Tuat and the destruction of the main synagogue at Tamentit. This would occur at the backdrop of anti-dhimmi rhetoric by Maghili and the volatile position of dhimmis within the region."@en . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u062E \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064A (790\u0647\u0640|1425\u0645 \u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646 - 909\u0647\u0640|1504\u0645 \u0623\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0631) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062F\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064A\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062F\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u062A\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062E\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062F \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064A \u0632\u064A\u0627\u0646 \u060C \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062F\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064A\u0631 \u0641\u064A \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064A \u0623\u062F\u063A\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062F\u0627\u0621\u060C \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062A\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u064A\u0627\u062F\u062A\u0647 \u0644\u062D\u0631\u0628 \u0636\u062F \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062A\u0648\u0627\u062A \u0628\u0635\u062D\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062F\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062D\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062D\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062A\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0646 ."@ar . "1121917695"^^ . . . . "Maom\u00E9 Almaguili"@pt . . . . "Maom\u00E9 ibne Abdal Carim Almaguili (Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim al-Maghili), melhor conhecido somente como Maom\u00E9 Almaguili (m. ca. 1505), foi um estudioso isl\u00E2mico de Tremec\u00E9m, uma cidade situada na atual Arg\u00E9lia. Ele liderou a campanha para expulsar da cidade a comunidade judaica que haviam migrado para l\u00E1 depois da destrui\u00E7\u00E3o de Jerusal\u00E9m pelos romanos s\u00E9culos antes e foi bem sucedido; muitos dos judeus foram expulsos e sua sinagoga foi destru\u00EDda. Almaguili tamb\u00E9m serviu como um conselheiro do , o emir hau\u00E7\u00E1 do Reino de Cano e escreveu um tratado sobre o governo denominado Sobre as Obriga\u00E7\u00F5es dos Pr\u00EDncipes. Sua biografia foi escrita pelo escritor Amade Baba, sendo traduzida por M. A. Cherbonneau em 1855, e se tornou um dos principais textos para estudo da hist\u00F3ria jur\u00EDdica do Sud\u00E3o Ocidental. Os manuscritos originais de sua obra est\u00E3o dispon\u00EDveis no site das Na\u00E7\u00F5es Unidas World Digital Library."@pt . . . . "11076544"^^ . . . . . "Cheikh Abdelkrim El Magh\u00EEl\u00EE ou aussi Cheikh Abdelkrim El Mer'ili (en arabe: \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064A\u062E \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A) est un \u00E9rudit musulman alg\u00E9rien, n\u00E9 \u00E0 Tlemcen en 1425 et mort \u00E0 Zaouiet Kounta en 1505. Il a poursuivi ses \u00E9tudes \u00E0 Alger et \u00E0 B\u00E9ja\u00EFa o\u00F9 il a \u00E9t\u00E9 successivement l'\u00E9l\u00E8ve de Abderrahmane at-Taalibi et ."@fr . . . . . . . . "Maom\u00E9 ibne Abdal Carim Almaguili (Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim al-Maghili), melhor conhecido somente como Maom\u00E9 Almaguili (m. ca. 1505), foi um estudioso isl\u00E2mico de Tremec\u00E9m, uma cidade situada na atual Arg\u00E9lia. Ele liderou a campanha para expulsar da cidade a comunidade judaica que haviam migrado para l\u00E1 depois da destrui\u00E7\u00E3o de Jerusal\u00E9m pelos romanos s\u00E9culos antes e foi bem sucedido; muitos dos judeus foram expulsos e sua sinagoga foi destru\u00EDda."@pt . . . . . "Cheikh Abdelkrim El Maghili"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "16486"^^ . . . . . . . "1505"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063A\u064A\u0644\u064A"@ar . . . . . "\uBB34\uD568\uB9C8\uB4DC \uC54C\uB9C8\uAE38(Muhammad ibn Abd al-Karim al-Maghili, ? ~ 1505\uB144, Muhammad al-Maghili)\uC740 \uC54C\uC81C\uB9AC \uCD9C\uC2E0\uC758 \uD559\uC790\uC600\uB2E4. \uB3C4\uC2DC\uC5D0\uC11C \uC720\uB300\uC778\uC744 \uCAD3\uC544\uB0B4\uB294 \uB370 \uC55E\uC7A5\uC130\uC73C\uBA70 \uB2F9\uC2DC \uC2E4\uC81C\uB85C \uB9CE\uC740 \uC720\uB300\uC778 \uBC95\uB2F9\uC774 \uD30C\uAD34\uB418\uACE0 \uCD94\uBC29\uB2F9\uD588\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB294 \uCE74\uB178\uC758 \uC218\uC7A5\uC774\uB358 \uBB34\uD568\uB9C8\uB4DC \uB8F8\uD30C\uC758 \uACE0\uBB38\uC774\uC5C8\uC73C\uBA70 \uC815\uBD80 \uACE0\uBB38\uC5ED\uC744 \uB2F4\uB2F9\uD588\uB2E4. \uB300\uD45C \uC800\uC791\uC778 On The Obligations of Princes\uC744 \uC37C\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . "Muhammad ibn \u02BFAbd al-Kar\u012Bm al-Magh\u012Bl\u012B (arabisch \u0645\u062D\u0645\u062F \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064E\u063A\u0650\u064A\u0644\u0650\u064A, DMG Mu\u1E25ammad ibn \u02BFAbd al-Kar\u012Bmal-Ma\u0121\u012Bl\u012B * ca. 1440; \u2020 ca. 1504) war ein nordafrikanischer muslimischer Gelehrter. Er stammte aus Tlemcen und zeichnete sich nach seiner klassischen Gelehrtenausbildung schnell durch seine radikalen Positionen aus, was vermutlich auch der Grund war, weshalb er vor dem marokkanischen Wa\u1E6D\u1E6Dasiden-Sultan in die entlegene Oase Touat floh. Hier fiel er vor allem durch seine Agitation gegen die lokale j\u00FCdische Bev\u00F6lkerung auf, der er vorwarf, gegen die Bestimmungen ihres \u1E0Eimma-Vertrages zu versto\u00DFen und zudem widerrechtlich eine Synagoge errichtet zu haben. Mit diesen Aussagen traf er allerdings bei zahlreichen Gelehrten auf Widerspruch und nachdem bei Ausschreitungen in Tuw\u0101t, die von ihm provoziert wurden, die gesamte j\u00FCdische Bev\u00F6lkerung ermordet worden war, musste al-Ma\u0121\u012Bl\u012B wahrscheinlich erneut fliehen. Daraufhin setzte er sich in die Bil\u0101d as-S\u016Bd\u0101n ab, wo er zun\u00E4chst im Gebiet der Hausa predigte und lehrte, bevor er schlie\u00DFlich um das Jahr 1500 nach Gao zog und sich in den Dienst von stellte. Ber\u00FChmt ist vor allem seine Schrift, in der er acht Fragen von Askiya Mu\u1E25ammad beantwortet. Allerdings fand er f\u00FCr seine radikalen Positionen auch im Songhaireich keine Mehrheit und stie\u00DF auf das Misstrauen der etablierten Gelehrtenschicht in Timbuktu. Als al-Ma\u0121\u012Bl\u012Bs Sohn in Tuw\u0101t vermutlich aus Rache f\u00FCr das durch seinen Vater provozierte Pogrom von Juden ermordet wurde, forderte al-Ma\u0121\u012Bl\u012B eine Sippenhaft f\u00FCr alle in Gao weilenden Juden, was Askiya Mu\u1E25ammad aber ablehnte und sich stattdessen den lokalen Gelehrten in Timbuktu zuwendete. Der Verlust der Gunst des Herrschers trug vermutlich dazu bei, dass al-Ma\u0121\u012Bl\u012B das Songhaireich wieder verlie\u00DF und bald darauf in Tuw\u0101t verstarb."@de . . "Muhammad al-Maghili"@en . . .