. . "Italian Jews (Italian: Ebrei Italiani, Hebrew: \u05D9\u05D4\u05D5\u05D3\u05D9\u05DD \u05D0\u05D9\u05D8\u05DC\u05E7\u05D9\u05DD Yehudim Italkim) or Roman Jews (Italian: Ebrei Romani, Hebrew: \u05D9\u05D4\u05D5\u05D3\u05D9\u05DD \u05E8\u05D5\u05DE\u05D9\u05DD Yehudim Romim) can be used in a broad sense to mean all Jews living in or with roots in Italy, or, in a narrower sense, to mean the Italkim, an ancient community living in Italy since the Ancient Roman era, who use the Italian liturgy (or \u201CItalian Rite\u201D) as distinct from those Jewish communities in Italy dating from medieval or modern times who use the Sephardic liturgy, the Italian Nusach or the Nusach Ashkenaz."@en . . . . . . "Yudhadim Italkim''"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629: Ebrei italiani)\u200F\u060C (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0629: \u05D9\u05D4\u05D5\u05D3\u05D9\u05DD \u05D0\u05D9\u05D8\u05DC\u05E7\u05D9\u05DD\u200F)\u060C \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062A\u0639\u0646\u064A \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u064A\u0639\u064A\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062C\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0648\u064A\u0642\u0635\u062F \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639 \u064A\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u064A\u0631\u062C\u0639 \u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062B\u0629\u060C \u0645\u062B\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062F\u064A\u0648\u0646."@ar . . . . . . . . "Italkim (em hebraico italiano pl. de \"italki\") \u00E9 um termo utilizado dentro do hebraico moderno para designar os judeus que historicamente viveram na It\u00E1lia, tamb\u00E9m chamados de Bnei Roma. Uma grande parte migrou para Israel na segunda Ali\u00E1.Outra parte emigrou naquela \u00E9poca, e at\u00E9 d\u00E9cadas antes, para o norte da \u00C1frica e principalmente para a Tun\u00EDsia, devido \u00E0 sua participa\u00E7\u00E3o no movimento nacional que levou \u00E0 unifica\u00E7\u00E3o da It\u00E1lia e \u00E0s persegui\u00E7\u00F5es que sofreram devido a suas atividades. Seus costumes e ritos religiosos servem como um elo entre os costumes Ashkenazi e Sefaradi apesar de testes gen\u00E9ticos recentes confirmarem sua rela\u00E7\u00E3o mais pr\u00F3xima com os judeus ashkenazitas. Tamb\u00E9m desenvolveu-se na comunidade um uso especial do italiano que \u00E9 conhecido como . Um dos mais conhecidos judeus italianos foi o rabino Moshe Chaim Luzzatto (1707-1746) que escreveu trabalhos sobre religi\u00E3o e \u00E9tica."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La primera llei, i la m\u00E9s important de les leggi razziali, fou el Regio Decreto 17 Novembre 1938 Nr. 1728. Restringia els drets civils dels jueus, prohibia els seus llibres i els exclo\u00EFa de c\u00E0rrecs p\u00FAblics i educaci\u00F3 superior. Altres lleis treien els actius que pertanyien a jueus, els restringien la capacitat de viatjar, i finalment en preveia el confinament en un exili interior com a presos pol\u00EDtics. La promulgaci\u00F3 de les lleis racials fou precedida d'una llarga campanya medi\u00E0tica i de la publicaci\u00F3 del \"\" a principis del 1938, un informe suposadament cient\u00EDfic redactat per cient\u00EDfics feixistes que afirmaven que els principis racials, entre els quals la superioritat dels europeus sobre la resta de races. La decisi\u00F3 final sobre la llei es va prendre durant la trobada del Gran Consell del Feixisme, que va tenir lloc la nit entre el 6 i el 7 d'octubre de 1938 a Roma, al Palazzo Venezia. No tots els feixistes van donar suport a la discriminaci\u00F3: mentre que els pro-alemanys i antijueus Roberto Farinacci i van donar-hi suport, Italo Balbo s'hi va oposar. Les lleis prohibien que els jueus ocupessin qualsevol posici\u00F3 professional i prohibien les relacions sexuals i els casaments entre italians i jueus i africans. El r\u00E8gim feixista va publicitar una publicaci\u00F3 titulada \"Manifest dels Cient\u00EDfics Racials\" on hi havia una barreja de racisme biol\u00F2gic i hist\u00F2ria; declarava que els italians pertanyien a una ra\u00E7a \u00E0ria, que els jueus no eren italians i que calia distingir entre europeus i no-europeus. Despr\u00E9s de la caiguda de Benito Mussolini el 25 de juliol de 1943, el govern de Pietro Badoglio va suprimir les lleis. Van seguir en vigor i m\u00E9s severes als territoris on governava la Rep\u00FAblica Social Italiana fins al final de la guerra."@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "L'ebraismo in Italia \u00E8 la religione monoteista pi\u00F9 antica a essere praticata. A Roma \u00E8 documentata una presenza ininterrotta dell'ebraismo fin dai tempi precedenti la comparsa del cristianesimo. L'espressione ebrei italiani (\u05D9\u05D4\u05D5\u05D3\u05D9\u05DD \u05D0\u05D9\u05D8\u05DC\u05E7\u05D9\u05DD) o italkim pu\u00F2 indicare, in senso lato, tutti quegli ebrei che vivono in Italia o che hanno ascendenze italiane o, in un senso pi\u00F9 ristretto, le comunit\u00E0 in cui \u00E8 in uso il \"rito italiano\", diversamente dalle comunit\u00E0 in cui sono in uso il rito sefardita o aschenazita."@it . "10000"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Ebraismo in Italia"@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Italkim"@pt . "Les Ben\u00E9 Roma (h\u00E9breu \u05D1\u05E0\u05D9 \u05E8\u05D5\u05DE\u05D0, \u00AB Fils \u00BB ou \u00AB Enfants de Rome \u00BB; italien : ebrei italiani) forment une communaut\u00E9 de Juifs r\u00E9sidant en Italie depuis plus de deux mille ans. On les appelle aussi Italkim (h\u00E9breu pour \u00AB Italiens, \u00BB d'apr\u00E8s l'adjectif latin \u00AB italicu(m) \u00BB. Italkit est aussi le terme h\u00E9bra\u00EFque moderne pour nommer la langue italienne."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . "2976271"^^ . . . "70000"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "L'ebraismo in Italia \u00E8 la religione monoteista pi\u00F9 antica a essere praticata. A Roma \u00E8 documentata una presenza ininterrotta dell'ebraismo fin dai tempi precedenti la comparsa del cristianesimo. L'espressione ebrei italiani (\u05D9\u05D4\u05D5\u05D3\u05D9\u05DD \u05D0\u05D9\u05D8\u05DC\u05E7\u05D9\u05DD) o italkim pu\u00F2 indicare, in senso lato, tutti quegli ebrei che vivono in Italia o che hanno ascendenze italiane o, in un senso pi\u00F9 ristretto, le comunit\u00E0 in cui \u00E8 in uso il \"rito italiano\", diversamente dalle comunit\u00E0 in cui sono in uso il rito sefardita o aschenazita. La comunit\u00E0 ebraica italiana trae le sue origini nel II secolo a.C., quando i primi ebrei arrivarono a Roma grazie agli intensi scambi commerciali nel bacino del Mediterraneo. Gi\u00E0 nel I secolo d.C. la comunit\u00E0 ebraica romana era fiorente e stabile tant'\u00E8 che pot\u00E9 riscattare gli ebrei fatti schiavi durante l'assedio di Gerusalemme del 70. La maggioranza degli ebrei italiani di conseguenza non appartiene a nessuno dei due gruppi rituali maggiori presenti in seno all'ebraismo (quello sefardita-spagnolo e quello askenazita-tedesco), ma sono di rito italiano (Italkim o bene romi) che \u00E8, insieme al rito temani (yemenita) uno dei riti ebraici pi\u00F9 antichi; gi\u00E0 nel Talmud si trovano accenni a usi tipici dei bene romi (figli di Roma). Il rito italiano attuale pu\u00F2 essere suddiviso inoltre in due sottocategorie: il rito italiano degli ebrei del centro e nord Italia, pi\u00F9 vicino al rito romano originario e simile nella maggior parte dei suoi aspetti al rito askenazita-tedesco e il rito romano degli attuali ebrei romani, pi\u00F9 simile al rito sefardita a causa delle influenze conseguenti all'immigrazione a Roma degli ebrei sefarditi dopo la cacciata dalla Spagna."@it . . . . . . . "30000"^^ . . . . . . . . "Yudhadim Italkim''"@en . "70000"^^ . . . "\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627"@ar . . . "Italian Jews (Italian: Ebrei Italiani, Hebrew: \u05D9\u05D4\u05D5\u05D3\u05D9\u05DD \u05D0\u05D9\u05D8\u05DC\u05E7\u05D9\u05DD Yehudim Italkim) or Roman Jews (Italian: Ebrei Romani, Hebrew: \u05D9\u05D4\u05D5\u05D3\u05D9\u05DD \u05E8\u05D5\u05DE\u05D9\u05DD Yehudim Romim) can be used in a broad sense to mean all Jews living in or with roots in Italy, or, in a narrower sense, to mean the Italkim, an ancient community living in Italy since the Ancient Roman era, who use the Italian liturgy (or \u201CItalian Rite\u201D) as distinct from those Jewish communities in Italy dating from medieval or modern times who use the Sephardic liturgy, the Italian Nusach or the Nusach Ashkenaz."@en . . "Italian Jewish people or"@en . . . . . . . . . "31321"^^ . . . "Italkim (em hebraico italiano pl. de \"italki\") \u00E9 um termo utilizado dentro do hebraico moderno para designar os judeus que historicamente viveram na It\u00E1lia, tamb\u00E9m chamados de Bnei Roma. Uma grande parte migrou para Israel na segunda Ali\u00E1.Outra parte emigrou naquela \u00E9poca, e at\u00E9 d\u00E9cadas antes, para o norte da \u00C1frica e principalmente para a Tun\u00EDsia, devido \u00E0 sua participa\u00E7\u00E3o no movimento nacional que levou \u00E0 unifica\u00E7\u00E3o da It\u00E1lia e \u00E0s persegui\u00E7\u00F5es que sofreram devido a suas atividades."@pt . . . "Italian Jewish people or"@en . . . . . . "1113841727"^^ . . . . . . . "Les Ben\u00E9 Roma (h\u00E9breu \u05D1\u05E0\u05D9 \u05E8\u05D5\u05DE\u05D0, \u00AB Fils \u00BB ou \u00AB Enfants de Rome \u00BB; italien : ebrei italiani) forment une communaut\u00E9 de Juifs r\u00E9sidant en Italie depuis plus de deux mille ans. On les appelle aussi Italkim (h\u00E9breu pour \u00AB Italiens, \u00BB d'apr\u00E8s l'adjectif latin \u00AB italicu(m) \u00BB. Italkit est aussi le terme h\u00E9bra\u00EFque moderne pour nommer la langue italienne."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La primera llei, i la m\u00E9s important de les leggi razziali, fou el Regio Decreto 17 Novembre 1938 Nr. 1728. Restringia els drets civils dels jueus, prohibia els seus llibres i els exclo\u00EFa de c\u00E0rrecs p\u00FAblics i educaci\u00F3 superior. Altres lleis treien els actius que pertanyien a jueus, els restringien la capacitat de viatjar, i finalment en preveia el confinament en un exili interior com a presos pol\u00EDtics."@ca . . . . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629: Ebrei italiani)\u200F\u060C (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0631\u064A\u0629: \u05D9\u05D4\u05D5\u05D3\u05D9\u05DD \u05D0\u05D9\u05D8\u05DC\u05E7\u05D9\u05DD\u200F)\u060C \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062A\u0639\u0646\u064A \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A\u0646 \u064A\u0639\u064A\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062C\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0648\u064A\u0642\u0635\u062F \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0648\u062F\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062F\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064A \u064A\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639 \u064A\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062C\u062A\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u064A\u0631\u062C\u0639 \u062A\u0627\u0631\u064A\u062E\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062B\u0629\u060C \u0645\u062B\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062F\u064A\u0648\u0646."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Jueus italians"@ca . . "Ben\u00E9 Roma"@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Italian Jews"@en .