. . . . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer adalah seorang filsuf Inggris yang terkenal karena pemikirannya tentang positivisme logis. Alfred Jules Ayer lahir pada tanggal 29 Oktober 1910 di London dan meninggal pada tanggal 27 Juni 1989 di London. Ayer adalah seorang Profesor Filsafat Pikiran dan Logika di Universitas London dari tahun 1946 hingga 1959. Dia juga pernah menjabat sebagai presiden Masyarakat pada tahun 1951-1952. Ia dididik di , dan kemudian memenangkan beasiswa dari Gereja Kristus di Oxford. Ayer juga merupakan seorang tokoh sosial yang terkenal di zamannya. Salah satu karya penting dari Ayer adalah pada tahun 1988, tak lama sebelum kematiannya. Pada saat itu, Ayer menulis sebuah artikel yang berjudul, Apa yang saya lihat ketika aku sudah mati. Artikel ini menggambarkan pengalaman menjelang kematia"@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@pl . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer (Londres, 29 de octubre de 1910 - Londres, 27 de junio de 1989) fue un pedagogo y fil\u00F3sofo brit\u00E1nico, promotor del positivismo l\u00F3gico y divulgador en Inglaterra de la obra y de la filosof\u00EDa del C\u00EDrculo de Viena. Ayer considera que la filosof\u00EDa oxoniense del \u00ABlenguaje corriente\u00BB no es, ni es deseable que sea, una pura \u00ABfilosof\u00EDa ling\u00FC\u00EDstica\u00BB, sino un an\u00E1lisis del lenguaje en tanto que describe hechos. De no ser tal, la filosof\u00EDa ling\u00FC\u00EDstica se convertir\u00EDa en un fin en s\u00ED misma o. mejor, en un medio que pretender\u00EDa pasar por fin. Pues la filosof\u00EDa se debe interesar en las \u00ABfotograf\u00EDas\u00BB y no solo en \u00ABel mecanismo de la c\u00E1mara fotogr\u00E1fica\u00BB. Por otro lado, la filosof\u00EDa no debe ni tratar solo de hechos, ni solo de teor\u00EDas, sino de los \u00ABrasgos arquitect\u00F3nicos de nuestro sistema conceptual\u00BB en tanto que este sistema pretende describir o explicar hechos. Lo cual marca, como Ayer reconoce, un cierto \u00ABretorno a Kant\u00BB, bien que a un Kant sin ninguna \u201Cantropolog\u00EDa a priori\u201D Entre otras de sus obras se encuentran Pensamiento y significaci\u00F3n (1947), Los fundamentos del conocimiento emp\u00EDrico (1950), El problema del conocimiento (1956), Filosof\u00EDa y lenguaje (1961), Hume (1980), La filosof\u00EDa del siglo XX (1982)."@es . . . . . . . . . . "O \u03A3\u03B5\u03C1 \u0391\u03BB\u03C6\u03C1\u03B5\u03BD\u03C4 \u03A4\u03B6\u03BF\u03C5\u03BB\u03C2 \u03A6\u03C1\u03AD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9 \u0386\u03C5\u03B5\u03C1 (Alfred Jules Freddie Ayer, , ; 29 \u039F\u03BA\u03C4\u03C9\u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1910 \u2013 27 \u0399\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1989) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u0392\u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C6\u03B9\u03BB\u03CC\u03C3\u03BF\u03C6\u03BF\u03C2, \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03CE\u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03B8\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD, \u03B9\u03B4\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03B2\u03B9\u03B2\u03BB\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 (1936) \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 The Problem of Knowledge (1956). \u0395\u03BA\u03C0\u03B1\u03B9\u03B4\u03B5\u03CD\u03C4\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u039A\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03B3\u03B9\u03BF \u0389\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF \u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039F\u03BE\u03C6\u03CC\u03C1\u03B4\u03B7\u03C2, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C1\u03B3\u03CC\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C0\u03BF\u03CD\u03B4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B5 \u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03B8\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03A0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0392\u03B9\u03AD\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2. \u0391\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF 1933 \u03B5\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 1940 \u03B4\u03AF\u03B4\u03B1\u03BE\u03B5 \u03C6\u03B9\u03BB\u03BF\u03C3\u03BF\u03C6\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C7\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03BA\u03BA\u03BB\u03B7\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039F\u03BE\u03C6\u03CC\u03C1\u03B4\u03B7\u03C2. \u039A\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u0392 \u03A0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03A0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF \u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03AC\u03BA\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 MI6."@el . . . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@es . . . . "1989-06-27"^^ . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@cs . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . "Sir Alfred Jules (A.J.) Ayer, f\u00F6dd 29 oktober 1910 i London, d\u00F6d 27 juni 1989 i London, var en brittisk filosof som gjort sig k\u00E4nd f\u00F6r b\u00F6ckerna \"Language, Truth, and Logic\" och \"The Problem of Knowledge\". Han ans\u00E5gs vara den logiska positivismens fr\u00E4mste representant i Storbritannien och hans huvudintressen l\u00E5g s\u00E5ledes i spr\u00E5k, epistemologi och vetenskapsteori."@sv . . . ""@en . . . . ""@en . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer adalah seorang filsuf Inggris yang terkenal karena pemikirannya tentang positivisme logis. Alfred Jules Ayer lahir pada tanggal 29 Oktober 1910 di London dan meninggal pada tanggal 27 Juni 1989 di London. Ayer adalah seorang Profesor Filsafat Pikiran dan Logika di Universitas London dari tahun 1946 hingga 1959. Dia juga pernah menjabat sebagai presiden Masyarakat pada tahun 1951-1952. Ia dididik di , dan kemudian memenangkan beasiswa dari Gereja Kristus di Oxford. Ayer juga merupakan seorang tokoh sosial yang terkenal di zamannya. Salah satu karya penting dari Ayer adalah pada tahun 1988, tak lama sebelum kematiannya. Pada saat itu, Ayer menulis sebuah artikel yang berjudul, Apa yang saya lihat ketika aku sudah mati. Artikel ini menggambarkan pengalaman menjelang kematian yang tidak biasa. Dari pengalaman ini, Ayer pertama berkata bahwa keyakinannya sedikit melemah ketika akan menghadapi kematian yang asli dalam hidupnya. Ia juga merasa bahwa kematian akan menjadi akhir dari hidup saya."@in . . . . . . . . . . . . "1989"^^ . "39936"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "President of the British Humanist Association"@en . . . "1989-06-27"^^ . "A. J. Ayer"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Sir Alfred Jules Ayer usuellement appel\u00E9 A. J. Ayer (St John's Wood, Londres 29 octobre 1910 - 27 juin 1989) est un philosophe, logicien et \u00E9thicien britannique. Il est l'auteur du livre (en), paru en 1936, et a enseign\u00E9 \u00E0 l'Universit\u00E9 de Londres et a l'Universit\u00E9 d'Oxford."@fr . . . . . . . . "\u963F\u5C14\u5F17\u96F7\u5FB7\u00B7\u6731\u5C14\u65AF\u00B7\u827E\u8036\u723E\u7235\u58EB\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ASir. Alfred Jules Ayer\uFF0C/\u025B\u0259r/\uFF1B1910\u5E7410\u670829\u65E5\uFF0D1989\u5E746\u670827\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u82F1\u570B\u54F2\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u56E01936\u5E74\u51FA\u7248\u300A\u8A9E\u8A00\u3001\u771F\u7406\u8207\u908F\u8F2F\u300B\u800C\u805E\u540D\u65BC\u4E16\u3002\u6B64\u4E66\u4E2D\u4ED6\u63D0\u51FA\u4E86\u903B\u8F91\u5B9E\u8BC1\u4E3B\u4E49\u7684\u4E00\u4E2A\u4E3B\u8981\u8BBA\u70B9\uFF0C\u4ECE\u800C\u6210\u4E3A\u4E86\u903B\u8F91\u5B9E\u8BC1\u4E3B\u4E49\u5728\u82F1\u6587\u4E16\u754C\u7684\u4EE3\u8A00\u4EBA\u3002\u57281946\u5E74\u81F31959\u5E74\uFF0C\u4ED6\u66FE\u662F\u502B\u6566\u5927\u5B78\u5B78\u9662\u7684\u7CBE\u795E\u908F\u8F2F\u54F2\u5B78\u7684\u6559\u6388\uFF0C\u540C\u6642\u4E5F\u662F\u725B\u6D25\u5927\u5B78\u7684\u908F\u8F2F\u6559\u6388\u3002\u57281970\u5E74\uFF0C\u4ED6\u88AB\u5C01\u70BA\u7235\u58EB\u3002"@zh . "\u0410\u043B\u044C\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0414\u0436\u0443\u043B\u0441 \u0415\u0454\u0440 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Alfred Jules Ayer, \u041C\u0424\u0410: /\u025B\u0259/, 29 \u0436\u043E\u0432\u0442\u043D\u044F 1910 \u2014 27 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043D\u044F 1989) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444 \u0456 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u043A, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0435\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442\u043A\u0430, \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043F\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0456\u0445 \u0440\u043E\u0431\u0456\u0442 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0434\u043E \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0433\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0456\u0457."@uk . . . . . . "Sir Alfred Jules Ayer (Londres, Regne Unit, 29 d'octubre de 1910 - 27 de juny de 1989) fou un fil\u00F2sof i professor brit\u00E0nic, pare del positivisme l\u00F2gic. Divulgador al Regne Unit de l'obra i de la filosofia del Cercle de Viena. La seva obra principal va ser \u201CLlenguatge, Veritat i L\u00F2gica\u201D editada el 1936. Com a profossor universitari va treballar a la University College de Londres i a la Universitat d'Oxford."@ca . . "Sir Alfred Jules Ayer (29. \u0159\u00EDjna 1910, Lond\u00FDn, Anglie, Velk\u00E1 Brit\u00E1nie \u2013 27. \u010Dervna 1989, Lond\u00FDn) byl anglick\u00FD analytick\u00FD filozof, zn\u00E1m\u00FD p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm jako propag\u00E1tor my\u0161lenek logick\u00E9ho pozitivismu v anglicky mluv\u00EDc\u00EDch zem\u00EDch. Byl dlouholet\u00FDm profesorem filozofie na University College v Lond\u00FDn\u011B a na Oxfordu."@cs . "\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062F \u0622\u064A\u0631"@ar . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@sv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Sir Alfred Jules Ayer (* 29. Oktober 1910 in , London; \u2020 27. Juni 1989 in London) war ein britischer Philosoph. Er trug wesentlich zur Popularisierung des Logischen Empirismus in englischsprachigen L\u00E4ndern vor allem durch seine Hauptschriften Language, Truth and Logic (1936; Sprache, Wahrheit und Logik) und The Problem of Knowledge (1956; Das Problem der Erkenntnis) bei."@de . . "1910-10-29"^^ . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer (ur. 29 pa\u017Adziernika 1910 w Londynie, zm. 27 czerwca 1989 tam\u017Ce) \u2013 brytyjski filozof analityczny i lewicowy intelektualista. Bywa okre\u015Blany jako empirysta dawnego stylu. Jeden z wa\u017Cnych przedstawicieli angielskiej szko\u0142y analitycznej."@pl . . . "Sir Alfred Jules \"Freddie\" Ayer FBA (/\u025B\u0259r/; 29 October 1910 \u2013 27 June 1989), usually cited as A. J. Ayer, was an English philosopher known for his promotion of logical positivism, particularly in his books Language, Truth, and Logic (1936) and The Problem of Knowledge (1956). He was educated at Eton College and the University of Oxford, after which he studied the philosophy of logical positivism at the University of Vienna. From 1933 to 1940 he lectured on philosophy at Christ Church, Oxford. During the Second World War Ayer was a Special Operations Executive and MI6 agent."@en . "Sir Alfred Jules Ayer usuellement appel\u00E9 A. J. Ayer (St John's Wood, Londres 29 octobre 1910 - 27 juin 1989) est un philosophe, logicien et \u00E9thicien britannique. Il est l'auteur du livre (en), paru en 1936, et a enseign\u00E9 \u00E0 l'Universit\u00E9 de Londres et a l'Universit\u00E9 d'Oxford."@fr . . . . . . . "\u30B5\u30FC\u30FB\u30A2\u30EB\u30D5\u30EC\u30C3\u30C9\u30FB\u30B8\u30E5\u30FC\u30EB\u30BA\u30FB\u30A8\u30A4\u30E4\u30FC\uFF08Sir Alfred Jules Ayer\u3001\u59D3\u306F\u30A8\u30A2\u3068\u3082\u30011910\u5E7410\u670829\u65E5 - 1989\u5E746\u670827\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u54F2\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3001\u8AD6\u7406\u5B9F\u8A3C\u4E3B\u7FA9\u306E\u4EE3\u8868\u8005\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u3078\u306E\u7D39\u4ECB\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u4E00\u822C\u306B\u306F\u3001A.J.Ayer\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547C\u79F0\u304C\u4F7F\u308F\u308C\u308B\u3002\u89AA\u3057\u3044\u53CB\u4EBA\u305F\u3061\u304B\u3089\u306F\u3001\u300C\u30D5\u30EC\u30C7\u30A3\u300D\uFF08Freddie\uFF09\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002\u8457\u66F8\u3067\u306F\u300E\u8A00\u8A9E\u30FB\u771F\u7406\u30FB\u8AD6\u7406\u300F\uFF081936\u5E74\uFF09\u3068\u300E\u77E5\u8B58\u306E\u554F\u984C\u300F\uFF081956\u5E74\uFF09\u304C\u7279\u306B\u8457\u540D\u3002"@ja . "1910-10-29"^^ . "Alfred Jules Ayer (Londen, 29 oktober 1910 - Londen, 27 juni 1989), beter bekend als simpelweg A.J. Ayer (en Freddie genoemd door vrienden), was een filosoof die hielp het logisch positivisme te populariseren in Engelstalige landen door middel van zijn boeken Taal, waarheid en logica (1936) en Het probleem van kennis (1956)."@nl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u963F\u5C14\u5F17\u96F7\u5FB7\u00B7\u6731\u5C14\u65AF\u00B7\u827E\u8036\u723E\u7235\u58EB\uFF08\u82F1\u8A9E\uFF1ASir. Alfred Jules Ayer\uFF0C/\u025B\u0259r/\uFF1B1910\u5E7410\u670829\u65E5\uFF0D1989\u5E746\u670827\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u82F1\u570B\u54F2\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u56E01936\u5E74\u51FA\u7248\u300A\u8A9E\u8A00\u3001\u771F\u7406\u8207\u908F\u8F2F\u300B\u800C\u805E\u540D\u65BC\u4E16\u3002\u6B64\u4E66\u4E2D\u4ED6\u63D0\u51FA\u4E86\u903B\u8F91\u5B9E\u8BC1\u4E3B\u4E49\u7684\u4E00\u4E2A\u4E3B\u8981\u8BBA\u70B9\uFF0C\u4ECE\u800C\u6210\u4E3A\u4E86\u903B\u8F91\u5B9E\u8BC1\u4E3B\u4E49\u5728\u82F1\u6587\u4E16\u754C\u7684\u4EE3\u8A00\u4EBA\u3002\u57281946\u5E74\u81F31959\u5E74\uFF0C\u4ED6\u66FE\u662F\u502B\u6566\u5927\u5B78\u5B78\u9662\u7684\u7CBE\u795E\u908F\u8F2F\u54F2\u5B78\u7684\u6559\u6388\uFF0C\u540C\u6642\u4E5F\u662F\u725B\u6D25\u5927\u5B78\u7684\u908F\u8F2F\u6559\u6388\u3002\u57281970\u5E74\uFF0C\u4ED6\u88AB\u5C01\u70BA\u7235\u58EB\u3002"@zh . . . . . . . . . . "\uC568\uD504\uB9AC\uB4DC \uC904\uC2A4 \uC5D0\uC774\uC5B4 \uACBD(Sir Alfred Jules Ayer, 1910\uB144 10\uC6D4 29\uC77C ~ 1989\uB144 6\uC6D4 27\uC77C)\uC740 \uC601\uAD6D\uC758 \uCCA0\uD559\uC790\uB85C, \uB17C\uB9AC\uC2E4\uC99D\uC8FC\uC758\uC758 \uB300\uD45C\uC801 \uCCA0\uD559\uC790 \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. 1946\uB144 \uB7F0\uB358 \uB300\uD559\uAD50 \uAD50\uC218, 1959\uB144\uBD80\uD130 \uC625\uC2A4\uD37C\uB4DC \uB300\uD559\uAD50 \uAD50\uC218\uB97C \uC5ED\uC784\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uCD08\uAE30 \uB17C\uB9AC\uC2E4\uC99D\uC8FC\uC758\uC790\uC758 \uB300\uBD80\uBD84\uC740 \uBA85\uC81C\uC758 \uC758\uBBF8\uC131\uC744 \uD655\uC778\uD560 \uB54C \uADF8 \uBA85\uC81C\uC758 \uAC01 \uBD80\uBD84\uC774 \uAC10\uAC01\uC801 \uACBD\uD5D8\uC5D0 \uC758\uD574 \uC644\uC804\uD558\uAC8C \uAC80\uC99D\uB420 \uAC00\uB2A5\uC131\uC744 \uC694\uAD6C\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uC5D0\uC774\uC5B4\uB294 \uC870\uAC74\uC744 \uC644\uD654\uD558\uC5EC \uC5B8\uC81C\uB098 \uAC00\uC124\uC5D0 \uC9C0\uB098\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294 \uACBD\uD5D8\uACFC\uD559\uC758 \uBA85\uC81C\uB294 \uBD80\uBD84\uC801 \uAC80\uC99D\uC774 \uAC00\uB2A5\uD558\uBA74 \uC720\uC758\uBBF8, \uADF8\uAC83\uC870\uCC28 \uBD88\uAC00\uB2A5\uD558\uBA74 \uD615\uC774\uC0C1\uD559\uC801 \uBA85\uC81C\uB77C\uACE0 \uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB9AC\uACE0 \uC724\uB9AC\uC801 \uBA85\uC81C\uB294 \uC8FC\uAD00\uC801 \uC815\uC11C\uC758 \uD45C\uD604\uC5D0 \uC9C0\uB098\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294\uB2E4\uB294 \uC774\uC720\uB85C \uADDC\uBC94\uD559(\u898F\u7BC4\u5B78)\uC73C\uB85C\uC11C\uC758 \uC724\uB9AC\uD559\uC758 \uC131\uB9BD\uC740 \uBD88\uAC00\uB2A5\uD558\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD558\uC600\uB2E4."@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0386\u03BB\u03C6\u03C1\u03B5\u03BD\u03C4 \u0386\u03B9\u03B5\u03C1"@el . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u0421\u044D\u0440 \u0410\u043B\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0414\u0436\u0443\u043B\u0441 \u0410\u0301\u0439\u0435\u0440 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Alfred Jules Ayer; 29 \u043E\u043A\u0442\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1910 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u041B\u043E\u043D\u0434\u043E\u043D \u2014 27 \u0438\u044E\u043D\u044F 1989 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043C \u0436\u0435) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444-\u043D\u0435\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u043F\u043E \u043D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0446\u0435\u043D\u043A\u0435, \u2014 \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u043E\u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u044B XX \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430."@ru . . . . . . . . "Sir Alfred Jules Ayer (29. \u0159\u00EDjna 1910, Lond\u00FDn, Anglie, Velk\u00E1 Brit\u00E1nie \u2013 27. \u010Dervna 1989, Lond\u00FDn) byl anglick\u00FD analytick\u00FD filozof, zn\u00E1m\u00FD p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm jako propag\u00E1tor my\u0161lenek logick\u00E9ho pozitivismu v anglicky mluv\u00EDc\u00EDch zem\u00EDch. Byl dlouholet\u00FDm profesorem filozofie na University College v Lond\u00FDn\u011B a na Oxfordu."@cs . . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@ca . "Sir Alfred Jules \"Freddie\" Ayer FBA (/\u025B\u0259r/; 29 October 1910 \u2013 27 June 1989), usually cited as A. J. Ayer, was an English philosopher known for his promotion of logical positivism, particularly in his books Language, Truth, and Logic (1936) and The Problem of Knowledge (1956). He was educated at Eton College and the University of Oxford, after which he studied the philosophy of logical positivism at the University of Vienna. From 1933 to 1940 he lectured on philosophy at Christ Church, Oxford. During the Second World War Ayer was a Special Operations Executive and MI6 agent. He was Grote Professor of the Philosophy of Mind and Logic at University College London from 1946 until 1959, after which he returned to Oxford to become Wykeham Professor of Logic at New College. He was president of the Aristotelian Society from 1951 to 1952 and knighted in 1970. He was known for his advocacy of humanism, and was the second President of the British Humanist Association (now known as Humanists UK). Professor A. J. Ayer was President of the Homosexual Law Reform Society for a time; he remarked that \"as a notorious heterosexual I could never be accused of feathering my own nest.\""@en . . . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer (ur. 29 pa\u017Adziernika 1910 w Londynie, zm. 27 czerwca 1989 tam\u017Ce) \u2013 brytyjski filozof analityczny i lewicowy intelektualista. Bywa okre\u015Blany jako empirysta dawnego stylu. Jeden z wa\u017Cnych przedstawicieli angielskiej szko\u0142y analitycznej."@pl . . . "O \u03A3\u03B5\u03C1 \u0391\u03BB\u03C6\u03C1\u03B5\u03BD\u03C4 \u03A4\u03B6\u03BF\u03C5\u03BB\u03C2 \u03A6\u03C1\u03AD\u03BD\u03C4\u03B9 \u0386\u03C5\u03B5\u03C1 (Alfred Jules Freddie Ayer, , ; 29 \u039F\u03BA\u03C4\u03C9\u03B2\u03C1\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1910 \u2013 27 \u0399\u03BF\u03C5\u03BD\u03AF\u03BF\u03C5 1989) \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u0392\u03C1\u03B5\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD\u03CC\u03C2 \u03C6\u03B9\u03BB\u03CC\u03C3\u03BF\u03C6\u03BF\u03C2, \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03CE\u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03B9\u03BA\u03BF\u03CD \u03B8\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD, \u03B9\u03B4\u03AF\u03C9\u03C2 \u03BC\u03B5 \u03C4\u03B1 \u03B2\u03B9\u03B2\u03BB\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 (1936) \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 The Problem of Knowledge (1956). \u0395\u03BA\u03C0\u03B1\u03B9\u03B4\u03B5\u03CD\u03C4\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u039A\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03B3\u03B9\u03BF \u0389\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03C4\u03BF \u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039F\u03BE\u03C6\u03CC\u03C1\u03B4\u03B7\u03C2, \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C1\u03B3\u03CC\u03C4\u03B5\u03C1\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C0\u03BF\u03CD\u03B4\u03B1\u03C3\u03B5 \u03BB\u03BF\u03B3\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC \u03B8\u03B5\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03CC \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03A0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u0392\u03B9\u03AD\u03BD\u03BD\u03B7\u03C2. \u0391\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF 1933 \u03B5\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 1940 \u03B4\u03AF\u03B4\u03B1\u03BE\u03B5 \u03C6\u03B9\u03BB\u03BF\u03C3\u03BF\u03C6\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C7\u03C1\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03B1\u03BD\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE \u03B5\u03BA\u03BA\u03BB\u03B7\u03C3\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u039F\u03BE\u03C6\u03CC\u03C1\u03B4\u03B7\u03C2. \u039A\u03B1\u03C4\u03AC \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u0392 \u03A0\u03B1\u03B3\u03BA\u03CC\u03C3\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03A0\u03CC\u03BB\u03B5\u03BC\u03BF \u03B5\u03C1\u03B3\u03AC\u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BA\u03B5 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03C0\u03C1\u03AC\u03BA\u03C4\u03BF\u03C1\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 MI6. \u039F \u0386\u03C5\u03B5\u03C1 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03B7\u03B3\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C6\u03B9\u03BB\u03BF\u03C3\u03BF\u03C6\u03AF\u03B1\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF \u03C0\u03B1\u03BD\u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B9\u03BF \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u039B\u03BF\u03BD\u03B4\u03AF\u03BD\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03C0\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF 1946 \u03AD\u03C9\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF 1959, \u03CC\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B5\u03C0\u03AD\u03C3\u03C4\u03C1\u03B5\u03C8\u03B5 \u03C9\u03C2 \u03BA\u03B1\u03B8\u03B7\u03B3\u03B7\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C3\u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u039F\u03BE\u03C6\u03CC\u03C1\u03B4\u03B7 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03BD\u03B1 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B4\u03AC\u03BE\u03B5\u03B9 \u039B\u03BF\u03B3\u03B9\u03BA\u03AE.\u0397\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B3\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03BD \u03C0\u03C1\u03BF\u03CE\u03B8\u03B7\u03C3\u03B7 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03B1\u03BD\u03B8\u03C1\u03C9\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03BC\u03BF\u03CD \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03AE\u03C4\u03B1\u03BD \u03BF \u03C0\u03C1\u03CE\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BA\u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C3\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03CC\u03C2 \u03B4\u03B9\u03B5\u03C5\u03B8\u03C5\u03BD\u03C4\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 British Humanist Association (\u03C4\u03CE\u03C1\u03B1 \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03CD \u03C9\u03C2 Humanists UK). \u03A3\u03C4\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B5\u03BB\u03B5\u03C5\u03C4\u03B1\u03AF\u03B1 \u03C7\u03C1\u03CC\u03BD\u03B9\u03B1 \u03C4\u03B7\u03C2 \u03B6\u03C9\u03AE\u03C2 \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03BF \u0386\u03C5\u03B5\u03C1 \u03B4\u03AE\u03BB\u03C9\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C0\u03BF\u03BB\u03BB\u03AD\u03C2 \u03C6\u03BF\u03C1\u03AD\u03C2 \u03B5\u03BC\u03C6\u03B1\u03C4\u03B9\u03BA\u03AC \u03CC\u03C4\u03B9 \u03B4\u03B5\u03BD \u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03B5\u03CD\u03B5\u03B9 \u03C3\u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u0398\u03B5\u03CC \u03BA\u03B1\u03B9 \u03B1\u03C0\u03BF\u03BA\u03B1\u03BB\u03BF\u03CD\u03C3\u03B5 \u03C4\u03BF\u03BD \u03B5\u03B1\u03C5\u03C4\u03CC \u03C4\u03BF\u03C5 \u03AC\u03B8\u03B5\u03BF."@el . . . . "1115226831"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "A. J. \uC5D0\uC774\uC5B4"@ko . . . . . . . . "Alfred Ayer"@nl . . . . . . . . . "\u0410\u043B\u044C\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0414\u0436\u0443\u043B\u0441 \u0415\u0454\u0440"@uk . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer, meglio conosciuto come A. J. Ayer (Londra, 29 ottobre 1910 \u2013 Londra, 27 giugno 1989), \u00E8 stato un filosofo britannico, conosciuto per la sua promozione del positivismo logico, operata soprattutto nei suoi libri Language, Truth and Logic (1936) e The Problem of Knowledge (1956). Ayer fu professore di filosofia della mente e logica (Philosophy of Mind and Logic) all'University College London dal 1946 al 1959, quando divenne professore di Logica all'Universit\u00E0 di Oxford. Fu nominato cavaliere nel 1970."@it . . . . . . "A. J. Ayer"@en . "1910"^^ . . . . . . . "\u30B5\u30FC\u30FB\u30A2\u30EB\u30D5\u30EC\u30C3\u30C9\u30FB\u30B8\u30E5\u30FC\u30EB\u30BA\u30FB\u30A8\u30A4\u30E4\u30FC\uFF08Sir Alfred Jules Ayer\u3001\u59D3\u306F\u30A8\u30A2\u3068\u3082\u30011910\u5E7410\u670829\u65E5 - 1989\u5E746\u670827\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u54F2\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3001\u8AD6\u7406\u5B9F\u8A3C\u4E3B\u7FA9\u306E\u4EE3\u8868\u8005\u3001\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u3078\u306E\u7D39\u4ECB\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77E5\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u4E00\u822C\u306B\u306F\u3001A.J.Ayer\u3068\u3044\u3046\u547C\u79F0\u304C\u4F7F\u308F\u308C\u308B\u3002\u89AA\u3057\u3044\u53CB\u4EBA\u305F\u3061\u304B\u3089\u306F\u3001\u300C\u30D5\u30EC\u30C7\u30A3\u300D\uFF08Freddie\uFF09\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002\u8457\u66F8\u3067\u306F\u300E\u8A00\u8A9E\u30FB\u771F\u7406\u30FB\u8AD6\u7406\u300F\uFF081936\u5E74\uFF09\u3068\u300E\u77E5\u8B58\u306E\u554F\u984C\u300F\uFF081956\u5E74\uFF09\u304C\u7279\u306B\u8457\u540D\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@de . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer (Londres, Ingalaterra, 1910eko urriaren 29a - 1989ko ekainaren 27a) britainiar filosofoa izan zen."@eu . . "A. J. Ayer"@pt . . . "\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062F \u062C\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u064A\u0631 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Alfred Jules Ayer)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064A\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064A \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 29 \u0623\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0628\u0631 1910\u0648\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 27 \u064A\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0648 1989 \u062A\u0645\u062D\u0648\u0631\u062A \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062D\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u062A\u0627\u0641\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062A \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062C\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u062D\u064A\u062B \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064A\u062A\u0627\u0641\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0642\u064A\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0623\u0643\u062F \u0645\u0646 \u062D\u0642\u064A\u0642\u062A\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062E\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u062C\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u062F\u064A\u0647\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062D\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064A\u0633\u062A \u0643\u0628\u062F\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060C \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062C\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u064A\u0642\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062D\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062A\u064A\u062C\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062B\u0628\u062A \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064A\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064A\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0631\u0627\u062C\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u062F\u064A\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u0623\u062C\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062A\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064A\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062F."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "London, England"@en . . . . . "\u0421\u044D\u0440 \u0410\u043B\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0414\u0436\u0443\u043B\u0441 \u0410\u0301\u0439\u0435\u0440 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Alfred Jules Ayer; 29 \u043E\u043A\u0442\u044F\u0431\u0440\u044F 1910 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u041B\u043E\u043D\u0434\u043E\u043D \u2014 27 \u0438\u044E\u043D\u044F 1989 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043C \u0436\u0435) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444-\u043D\u0435\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u2014 \u043F\u043E \u043D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0446\u0435\u043D\u043A\u0435, \u2014 \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u043E\u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u044B XX \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430."@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "2018"^^ . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@it . . . . . "1944"^^ . . . . . . . . . "1951"^^ . "\u963F\u5C14\u5F17\u96F7\u5FB7\u00B7\u6731\u5C14\u65AF\u00B7\u827E\u8036\u5C14"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ""@en . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer (Londen, 29 oktober 1910 - Londen, 27 juni 1989), beter bekend als simpelweg A.J. Ayer (en Freddie genoemd door vrienden), was een filosoof die hielp het logisch positivisme te populariseren in Engelstalige landen door middel van zijn boeken Taal, waarheid en logica (1936) en Het probleem van kennis (1956). Ayer woonde in Eton en studeerde de 'Greats' (de Klassieken) aan de Universiteit van Oxford. Daarna verbleef hij een jaar te Wenen, waar hij zich met name in de filosofie van de Wiener Kreis verdiepte. Tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog diende hij in het Britse leger en de MI6. In menig opzicht was hij de filosofische opvolger van Bertrand Russell, hoewel hij meer bekendheid bereikte door het aanpassen van idee\u00EBn van anderen dan door ware originaliteit. Hij is misschien het bekendst om zijn , een poging tot het cre\u00EBren van een proces om te bepalen of een zin een logische betekenis heeft. Kort voor zijn dood in 1989 ontving hij publiciteit na het hebben van een ongebruikelijke bijna-doodervaring."@nl . . "A.J. Ayer"@in . . . . "\u30A2\u30EB\u30D5\u30EC\u30C3\u30C9\u30FB\u30A8\u30A4\u30E4\u30FC"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Sir Alfred Jules Ayer (Londres, Regne Unit, 29 d'octubre de 1910 - 27 de juny de 1989) fou un fil\u00F2sof i professor brit\u00E0nic, pare del positivisme l\u00F2gic. Divulgador al Regne Unit de l'obra i de la filosofia del Cercle de Viena. La seva obra principal va ser \u201CLlenguatge, Veritat i L\u00F2gica\u201D editada el 1936. Com a profossor universitari va treballar a la University College de Londres i a la Universitat d'Oxford."@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . "1959"^^ . . . "\u0410\u0439\u0435\u0440, \u0410\u043B\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0414\u0436\u0443\u043B\u0441"@ru . "President of the Aristotelian Society"@en . . "Alfred Jules Ayer (Londres, 29 de outubro de 1910 \u2013 Londres, 27 de junho de 1989) foi um educador e fil\u00F3sofo brit\u00E2nico, proponente do positivismo l\u00F3gico. Filho de pai su\u00ED\u00E7o e m\u00E3e belga, Ayer estudou no Reino Unido, em Eton e Oxford. Foi professor na Universidade de Londres entre 1946 e 1959, onde teve a c\u00E1tedra de Filosofia da Mente e L\u00F3gica."@pt . . . "\uC568\uD504\uB9AC\uB4DC \uC904\uC2A4 \uC5D0\uC774\uC5B4 \uACBD(Sir Alfred Jules Ayer, 1910\uB144 10\uC6D4 29\uC77C ~ 1989\uB144 6\uC6D4 27\uC77C)\uC740 \uC601\uAD6D\uC758 \uCCA0\uD559\uC790\uB85C, \uB17C\uB9AC\uC2E4\uC99D\uC8FC\uC758\uC758 \uB300\uD45C\uC801 \uCCA0\uD559\uC790 \uC911 \uD558\uB098\uC774\uB2E4. 1946\uB144 \uB7F0\uB358 \uB300\uD559\uAD50 \uAD50\uC218, 1959\uB144\uBD80\uD130 \uC625\uC2A4\uD37C\uB4DC \uB300\uD559\uAD50 \uAD50\uC218\uB97C \uC5ED\uC784\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uCD08\uAE30 \uB17C\uB9AC\uC2E4\uC99D\uC8FC\uC758\uC790\uC758 \uB300\uBD80\uBD84\uC740 \uBA85\uC81C\uC758 \uC758\uBBF8\uC131\uC744 \uD655\uC778\uD560 \uB54C \uADF8 \uBA85\uC81C\uC758 \uAC01 \uBD80\uBD84\uC774 \uAC10\uAC01\uC801 \uACBD\uD5D8\uC5D0 \uC758\uD574 \uC644\uC804\uD558\uAC8C \uAC80\uC99D\uB420 \uAC00\uB2A5\uC131\uC744 \uC694\uAD6C\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uB098, \uC5D0\uC774\uC5B4\uB294 \uC870\uAC74\uC744 \uC644\uD654\uD558\uC5EC \uC5B8\uC81C\uB098 \uAC00\uC124\uC5D0 \uC9C0\uB098\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294 \uACBD\uD5D8\uACFC\uD559\uC758 \uBA85\uC81C\uB294 \uBD80\uBD84\uC801 \uAC80\uC99D\uC774 \uAC00\uB2A5\uD558\uBA74 \uC720\uC758\uBBF8, \uADF8\uAC83\uC870\uCC28 \uBD88\uAC00\uB2A5\uD558\uBA74 \uD615\uC774\uC0C1\uD559\uC801 \uBA85\uC81C\uB77C\uACE0 \uD558\uC600\uB2E4. \uADF8\uB9AC\uACE0 \uC724\uB9AC\uC801 \uBA85\uC81C\uB294 \uC8FC\uAD00\uC801 \uC815\uC11C\uC758 \uD45C\uD604\uC5D0 \uC9C0\uB098\uC9C0 \uC54A\uB294\uB2E4\uB294 \uC774\uC720\uB85C \uADDC\uBC94\uD559(\u898F\u7BC4\u5B78)\uC73C\uB85C\uC11C\uC758 \uC724\uB9AC\uD559\uC758 \uC131\uB9BD\uC740 \uBD88\uAC00\uB2A5\uD558\uB2E4\uACE0 \uC8FC\uC7A5\uD558\uC600\uB2E4."@ko . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@eu . . . . "1966"^^ . . . . . . . . . . "20"^^ . . "Alfred Jules Ayer"@fr . "Sir Alfred Jules Ayer (* 29. Oktober 1910 in , London; \u2020 27. Juni 1989 in London) war ein britischer Philosoph. Er trug wesentlich zur Popularisierung des Logischen Empirismus in englischsprachigen L\u00E4ndern vor allem durch seine Hauptschriften Language, Truth and Logic (1936; Sprache, Wahrheit und Logik) und The Problem of Knowledge (1956; Das Problem der Erkenntnis) bei."@de . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer, meglio conosciuto come A. J. Ayer (Londra, 29 ottobre 1910 \u2013 Londra, 27 giugno 1989), \u00E8 stato un filosofo britannico, conosciuto per la sua promozione del positivismo logico, operata soprattutto nei suoi libri Language, Truth and Logic (1936) e The Problem of Knowledge (1956). Ayer fu professore di filosofia della mente e logica (Philosophy of Mind and Logic) all'University College London dal 1946 al 1959, quando divenne professore di Logica all'Universit\u00E0 di Oxford. Fu nominato cavaliere nel 1970."@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Alfred Jules Ayer (Londres, 29 de octubre de 1910 - Londres, 27 de junio de 1989) fue un pedagogo y fil\u00F3sofo brit\u00E1nico, promotor del positivismo l\u00F3gico y divulgador en Inglaterra de la obra y de la filosof\u00EDa del C\u00EDrculo de Viena. Entre otras de sus obras se encuentran Pensamiento y significaci\u00F3n (1947), Los fundamentos del conocimiento emp\u00EDrico (1950), El problema del conocimiento (1956), Filosof\u00EDa y lenguaje (1961), Hume (1980), La filosof\u00EDa del siglo XX (1982)."@es . "Alfred Jules Ayer (Londres, 29 de outubro de 1910 \u2013 Londres, 27 de junho de 1989) foi um educador e fil\u00F3sofo brit\u00E2nico, proponente do positivismo l\u00F3gico. Filho de pai su\u00ED\u00E7o e m\u00E3e belga, Ayer estudou no Reino Unido, em Eton e Oxford. Foi professor na Universidade de Londres entre 1946 e 1959, onde teve a c\u00E1tedra de Filosofia da Mente e L\u00F3gica."@pt . . . . "\u0410\u043B\u044C\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0414\u0436\u0443\u043B\u0441 \u0415\u0454\u0440 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Alfred Jules Ayer, \u041C\u0424\u0410: /\u025B\u0259/, 29 \u0436\u043E\u0432\u0442\u043D\u044F 1910 \u2014 27 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043D\u044F 1989) \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444 \u0456 \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u043A, \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0438\u043A \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0435\u043E\u043F\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u043F\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0456\u0434\u0435\u0457 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u0443\u0440\u0442\u043A\u0430, \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043F\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0456\u0445 \u0440\u043E\u0431\u0456\u0442 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043D\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0434\u043E \u043B\u0456\u043D\u0433\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0456\u0457."@uk . . . . . . ""@en . . . "Sir Alfred Jules (A.J.) Ayer, f\u00F6dd 29 oktober 1910 i London, d\u00F6d 27 juni 1989 i London, var en brittisk filosof som gjort sig k\u00E4nd f\u00F6r b\u00F6ckerna \"Language, Truth, and Logic\" och \"The Problem of Knowledge\". Han ans\u00E5gs vara den logiska positivismens fr\u00E4mste representant i Storbritannien och hans huvudintressen l\u00E5g s\u00E5ledes i spr\u00E5k, epistemologi och vetenskapsteori."@sv . . . . . . "A. J. Ayer"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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"Alfred Jules Ayer (Londres, Ingalaterra, 1910eko urriaren 29a - 1989ko ekainaren 27a) britainiar filosofoa izan zen."@eu . . .