State of Illinois v. Alice Wynekoop was a criminal case prosecuted in two trials, the first of which, in January 1934, was declared a mistrial because of the defendant's fragile health, and the second of which, in February–March 1934, resulted in a guilty verdict and a sentence of 25 years at the Oakdale Women's Reformatory in Dwight, IL. The defendant was Alice Wynekoop (February 1, 1871 – July 4, 1955), a well-known and respected physician, civic leader, and lecturer who, living and practicing in Chicago, IL, specialized in the health and welfare of children. She was charged with the murder of her 22-year-old daughter-in-law, Rheta Gretchen Gardener Wynekoop, of Indianapolis, IN, who on November 21, 1933 was found on the examination table in Wynekoop's surgery, deceased.