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The shruti or śruti [ɕrʊtɪ] is the smallest interval of pitch that the human ear can detect and a singer or musical instrument can produce. The concept is found in ancient and medieval Sanskrit texts such as the Natya Shastra, the Dattilam, the Brihaddeshi, and the Sangita Ratnakara. Chandogya Upanishad speaks of the division of the octave in 22 parts. It has been used in several contexts throughout the history of Indian music. Recent research has more precisely defined the term shruti, its difference from nada and swara, and identified positions on a string to play 22 shrutis.

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rdf:type
rdfs:label
  • Shruti (Musik) (de)
  • Shruti (música) (es)
  • Srutis (it)
  • Shruti (muziek) (nl)
  • Shruti (music) (en)
  • Шрути (музыка) (ru)
rdfs:comment
  • Shruti (sanskrit, f., श्रुति, śruti, etwa „Ton“) heißen die 22 Mikrointervalle, mit denen in der indischen Musik eine Oktave unterteilt wird. Während das temperierte Tonsystem der westlichen Musik die Oktave (Frequenzverhältnis 2:1 zum Grundton) in 12 gleich große Halbtonschritte unterteilt, teilt die indische Musiklehre die Oktave in 22 ungleich große Shrutis ein, die alle kleiner als ein Halbtonschritt sind. Die Theorie der 22 Shrutis taucht erstmals in Bharata Munis um die Zeitenwende verfasstem Werk Natyashastra auf, in dem er die Grundlagen der altindischen Gandharva-Musik zusammenfasste. (de)
  • El shruti es un término Sánscrito usado en varios contextos a través de la historia de la Música de India. (es)
  • Шру́ти (санскрит श्रुति, англ. śruti, shruti) , в индийской классической музыке — наименьший интервал, который ухо человека способно воспринять, а музыкант (певец, инструменталист) способен воспроизвести. В отличие от европейской музыки, где ход на полутон (наименьший интервал в этой традиции) может означать переход от одной ступени звукоряда к другой, шрути в древнеиндийской музыке не имел ступенного значения, но понимался как элементарная единица звукорядной конструкции: расстояния между ступенями (svara) звукоряда измерялись тем или иным количеством шрути. Современные индийские исполнители классической музыки понимают шрути как неоднозначный по величине микроинтервал, используемый для орнаментики некоторых «базовых» ступеней ладового звукоряда. (ru)
  • The shruti or śruti [ɕrʊtɪ] is the smallest interval of pitch that the human ear can detect and a singer or musical instrument can produce. The concept is found in ancient and medieval Sanskrit texts such as the Natya Shastra, the Dattilam, the Brihaddeshi, and the Sangita Ratnakara. Chandogya Upanishad speaks of the division of the octave in 22 parts. It has been used in several contexts throughout the history of Indian music. Recent research has more precisely defined the term shruti, its difference from nada and swara, and identified positions on a string to play 22 shrutis. (en)
  • Gli srutis sono i 3 o 4 elementi in cui poteva essere suddiviso l'intervallo della scala nel sistema musicale indiano risalente al II secolo a.C.Base comune a tutte le scale è l'ottava, suddivisa, come nel sistema occidentale, in sette tra toni e semitoni. Ma l'organizzazione di questa scala era molto complessa, in quanto ognuno degli intervalli era suddiviso in due, in tre o quattro srutis o elementi: in tutto 22 srutis. Questa articolazione consentiva un numero elevato di scale modali, differenti fra loro per la posizione dei toni e dei semitoni e per le note di riferimento.Es: (it)
  • Een shruti (ook śruti, uit het Sanskriet: "het gehoorde", "geluid") is het kleinste gebruikte interval in het stemmingssysteem in de Hindoestaanse klassieke muziek. Volgens strenge regels zijn er 22 shruti binnen het octaaf, hoewel er ook systemen zijn voorgesteld met meer of minder shruti's. Hieronder zijn de shruti's weergegeven als zuivere intonatie verhoudingen, hoewel vele auteurs een ongelijkzwevende stemming aanhouden. * Chatuh shruti : 9/8 * Tri Shruti : 10/9 * Dwi shruti : 16/15 * Enkele of mono shruti : 81/80 die ook wel de Pramana Shruti wordt genoemd (nl)
foaf:depiction
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Divine_Music.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Examples_of_selected_Shrutis_on_a_string_as_used_in_Ragas_today.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Intervals_of_Shruti.gif
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shruti_scale_compared_to_12-TET.gif
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