James Henderson Nicoll FRCS(G), JP (30 September 1863 – 15 August 1921) was a Scottish paediatric surgeon and professor of surgery at Anderson's University. Nicoll was a pioneer of pediatrics, particularly regarding the care of children both in the hospital and after discharge. Nicoll was most notable for developing a surgical cure for pyloric stenosis and outpatient care of children with spina bifida, and was known as the Father of Day Surgery.