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The history of longitude describes the centuries-long effort by astronomers, cartographers and navigators to discover a means of determining the longitude of any given place on Earth. The measurement of longitude is important to both cartography and navigation. In particular, for safe ocean navigation, knowledge of both latitude and longitude is required. Finding an accurate and practical method of determining longitude took centuries of study and invention by some of the greatest scientists and engineers. After increasingly accurate methods based on astronomical observations and chronometers, today the problem of longitude has been solved to centimeter accuracy through satellite navigation.

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  • Història de la longitud (ca)
  • Historia de la longitud (es)
  • Sejarah garis bujur (in)
  • History of longitude (en)
  • Mesure de la longitude (fr)
  • 経度の歴史 (ja)
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  • The history of longitude describes the centuries-long effort by astronomers, cartographers and navigators to discover a means of determining the longitude of any given place on Earth. The measurement of longitude is important to both cartography and navigation. In particular, for safe ocean navigation, knowledge of both latitude and longitude is required. Finding an accurate and practical method of determining longitude took centuries of study and invention by some of the greatest scientists and engineers. After increasingly accurate methods based on astronomical observations and chronometers, today the problem of longitude has been solved to centimeter accuracy through satellite navigation. (en)
  • Sejarah garis bujur adalah catatan upaya para astronom, kartografer, dan navigator selama berabad-abad untuk menemukan cara menentukan garis bujur. Pengukuran garis bujur memiliki peran penting bagi dunia pemetaan dan navigasi, khususnya untuk menyediakan navigasi laut yang aman. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengetahuan yang mumpuni mengenai garis lintang dan garis bujur. Penemuan metode yang akurat dan andal untuk menentukan garis bujur membutuhkan studi dan penelitian selama berabad-abad, dan melibatkan beberapa pemikir ilmiah terbesar dalam sejarah manusia. Saat ini, masalah bujur telah dipecahkan hingga taraf akurasi sentimeter melalui navigasi satelit. (in)
  • La mesure de la longitude révèle un écart est ou ouest par rapport à un axe nord-sud de référence. C'est une mesure complémentaire à celle de la latitude, essentielle pour la navigation. Plus complexe à réaliser, la mesure de la longitude fut un enjeu scientifique, technologique et économique majeur du XVIIIe siècle, en particulier pour les Anglais et les Hollandais, grands conquérants des mers. (fr)
  • 経度の歴史(けいどのれきし)では、経度にまつわる歴史について記述する。 経度という概念は緯度とともに古代から存在したが、基準に基づく経度の測定は緯度と比べて難しく、正確に求められるようになるまでには長い年月を要した。 また海上で航海に必要とされる精度で経度を求めることは歴史的に困難な課題だったが、クロノメーターの開発により実用上解決された。経度の基準も、ロンドンのグリニッジ子午線を基準(本初子午線)として世界中で採用された。 (ja)
  • La història de la longitud és un registre de l'esforç realitzat per part de navegants i científics durant diversos segles per aconseguir un mitjà eficaç per a la determinació de la longitud geogràfica. (ca)
  • La historia de la longitud es un registro del esfuerzo realizado por parte de navegantes y científicos durante varios siglos para conseguir un medio eficaz para la determinación de la longitud geográfica. (es)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chronometer_of_Jeremy_Thacker.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Problem_of_longitude.svg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Admiralty_Chart_No_1061_Chart_of_Terra_Australis._Sheet_III_South_coast,_Published_1814.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carte_de_France_corrigée_par_ordre_du_Roy.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Celatone02.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Flamsteed_mural_arc_bub_gb_8q9FAAAAcAAJ_0062.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lunar_Distance_Aldebaran_2020-09-09_0000_-_0050.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Moll_World_Map_1719_master-gmd-gmd3-g3200-g3200-mf000001Z_Atlantic.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Monuments_of_International_Longitude_Determination.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Net_of_Longitude.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ptolemy_map_of_Mediterranean_superimposed_on_modern_map.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Splicing_the_Alaska_telegraph_cable_at_Smith's_Cove,_Seattle_(CURTIS_736).jpeg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Telegraphic_Determination_of_Longitude_of_Paita_from_Admiralty_Chart_No_1335,_Published_1841_(cropped).jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Wollaston_Transit_Instrument_1793_00969421_0020.jpg
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