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In immunology, a conformational epitope is a sequence of sub-units (usually amino acids) composing an antigen that come in direct contact with a receptor of the immune system. An antigen is any substance that the immune system can recognize as foreign. Antigens are usually proteins that are too large to bind as a whole to any receptor so only specific segments, that form the antigen, bind with a specific receptor. Such segments are called epitopes. Likewise, it is only the paratope of the receptor that comes in contact with the epitope.

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  • حاتمة هيئية (ar)
  • Epítopo conformacional (es)
  • Conformational epitope (en)
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  • الحواتم الهيئية (بالإنجليزية: Conformational epitope)‏ هي سلسلة من الوحدات الفرعية (عادة من الأحماض الأمينية) لتؤلف مستضد يقوم بالاتصال المباشر مع مستقبلات الجهاز المناعي. (ar)
  • In immunology, a conformational epitope is a sequence of sub-units (usually amino acids) composing an antigen that come in direct contact with a receptor of the immune system. An antigen is any substance that the immune system can recognize as foreign. Antigens are usually proteins that are too large to bind as a whole to any receptor so only specific segments, that form the antigen, bind with a specific receptor. Such segments are called epitopes. Likewise, it is only the paratope of the receptor that comes in contact with the epitope. (en)
  • Un epítopo conformacional es una secuencia de subunidades (generalmente aminoácidos) que componen un antígeno que entra en contacto directo con un receptor del sistema inmunológico. Un antígeno es cualquier sustancia que el sistema inmunológico pueda reconocer como extraña. Los antígenos suelen ser proteínas que son demasiado grandes para unirse en su conjunto a cualquier por lo que solo segmentos específicos, que forman el antígeno, se unen a un receptor específico. Dichos segmentos se denominan epítopos. Asimismo, solo el paratopo del receptor entra en contacto con el epítopo. (es)
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  • الحواتم الهيئية (بالإنجليزية: Conformational epitope)‏ هي سلسلة من الوحدات الفرعية (عادة من الأحماض الأمينية) لتؤلف مستضد يقوم بالاتصال المباشر مع مستقبلات الجهاز المناعي. (ar)
  • In immunology, a conformational epitope is a sequence of sub-units (usually amino acids) composing an antigen that come in direct contact with a receptor of the immune system. An antigen is any substance that the immune system can recognize as foreign. Antigens are usually proteins that are too large to bind as a whole to any receptor so only specific segments, that form the antigen, bind with a specific receptor. Such segments are called epitopes. Likewise, it is only the paratope of the receptor that comes in contact with the epitope. Proteins are composed of repeating nitrogen-containing subunits called amino acids that in nature do not exist as straight chains but as folded whorls with complex loops. The latter is known as the tertiary structure of a protein. So, whenever a receptor interacts with an undigested antigen, the surface amino acids that come in contact may not be continuous with each other if the protein is unwound. Such discontinuous amino acids that come together in three-dimensional conformation and interact with the receptor's paratope are called conformational epitopes. In contrast, if the antigen is digested, small segments called peptides are formed, which bind with major histocompatibility complex molecules, and then later with T cell receptors through amino acids that are continuous in a line. These are known as linear epitopes. (en)
  • Un epítopo conformacional es una secuencia de subunidades (generalmente aminoácidos) que componen un antígeno que entra en contacto directo con un receptor del sistema inmunológico. Un antígeno es cualquier sustancia que el sistema inmunológico pueda reconocer como extraña. Los antígenos suelen ser proteínas que son demasiado grandes para unirse en su conjunto a cualquier por lo que solo segmentos específicos, que forman el antígeno, se unen a un receptor específico. Dichos segmentos se denominan epítopos. Asimismo, solo el paratopo del receptor entra en contacto con el epítopo. Las proteínas se componen de subunidades repetidas que contienen nitrógeno llamadas aminoácidos que en la naturaleza no existen como cadenas rectas llamadas estructura primaria, sino como espirales plegados con bucles complejos. Esta última se conoce como estructura terciaria de una proteína. Entonces, siempre que un receptor interactúa con un antígeno no digerido, los aminoácidos de la superficie que entran en contacto pueden no ser continuos entre sí si la proteína se desenrolla. Estos aminoácidos discontinuos que se juntan en una conformación tridimensional e interactúan con el paratopo del receptor se denominan epítopos conformacionales. Por el contrario, si se digiere el antígeno, se forman pequeños segmentos llamados péptidos, que se unen con moléculas del complejo mayor de histocompatibilidad y luego con los receptores de células T a través de aminoácidos que son continuos en una línea. Estos se conocen como epítopos lineales.​ (es)
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